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21. milli eğitim bakanlığı zihinsel özürlü çocukların eğitim uygulamaları yönetmeliği

milli eğitim bakanlığından:

yayımlandığı resmi gazete tarihi: 22/06/1992

yayımlandığı resmi gazete no: 21262

birinci bölüm : genel hükümler amaç, kapsam, dayanak ve tanımlar

amaç

madde 1 - bu yönetmeliğin amacı; milli eğitim bakanlığına bağlı, zihinsel özürlü çocuklara ait okul, özel sınıf, kaynaştırma, bireysel eğitim ve diğer özel eğitim uygulamalarının kuruluş ve işleyişleri ile ilgili esasları düzenlemektir.

kapsam

madde 2 - bu yönetmelik, bakanlığa bağlı; zihinsel özürlü çocuklara ait resmi ve özel okul, özel sınıf ve özel eğitim uygulamalarına devam eden öğrencilerin, eğitimi, öğretimi ve yönetimi ile ilgili hükümleri kapsar.

dayanak

madde 3 - bu yönetmelik, 1739 sayılı milli eğitim temel kanunu ile 2916 sayılı özel eğitime muhtaç çocuklar kanununa dayanılarak hazırlanmıştır.

tanımlar

madde 4 - bu yönetmelikte geçen;

"bakanlık", milli eğitim bakanlığını,

"özel eğitim", özel eğitime muhtaç çocukların eğitimleri için özel olarak yetiştirilmiş personel ve geliştirilmiş eğitim programları ile bu çocukların özür ve özelliklerine uygun ortamda sürdürülen eğitimi,

"özel eğitime muhtaç çocuklar", beden, duygu, ruh, zihin, sosyal özellikleri ve durumlarındaki olağan dışı ayrılıkları sebebiyle normal eğitim hizmetlerinden yararlanamayan 4-18 yaş grubundaki çocukları,

"öğrenme güçlüğü olan çocuklar", zihinsel performansları olarak, yetiştiği çevrenin maddi ve kültürel yetersizliği yüzünden, eğitim ve öğretim için ilgileri, tecrübeleri bulunmayan veya organik ve fonksiyonel sebeplere bağlı özel nitelikte anlama, anlatma, okuma-yazma, çizme, tanıma ve kavramlaştırmada güçlükleri olan çocuğu,

"zihinsel özürlü çocuk", zihin gelişmelerinde meydana gelen yavaşlama, duraklama veya gerileme sebebiyle, davranış ve uyum yönünden yaşıtlarına göre sürekli olarak 1/4 oranında ve daha fazla gerilik ve yetersizliği olan çocuğu,

"eğitilebilir zihinsel özürlü çocuk", zeka bölümü, çeşitli ölçeklerde sürekli olarak 45-75 arasında olan zihinsel özürlüğü çocuğu,

"klinik bakıma muhtaç çocuk", zeka bölümü çeşitli ölçümlerde sürekli olarak 24'ten aşağı olup, hayata uyum sağlamayan ve sağlık kurumlarında devamlı klinik bakıma ihtiyacı olan zihinsel özürlü çocuğu,

"okul", zihinsel özürlü çocuklara ait "eğitilebilir çocuklar iş okulları" ve "öğretilebilir çocuklar okulları"nı,

"eğitilebilir çocuklar iş okulu", ilkokul mezunu olup, zeka bölümü 45-75 arasında bulunan, bu sebeple üst öğrenime devam edemeyenlere uygun bir meslek veya işin temel becerilerini kazandırmayı amaçlayan, çıraklık seviyesinde, bir yılı hazırlık olmak üzere 4 yıl eğitim veren, gündüzlü ve yarım yatılı özel eğitim okullarını,

"özel sınıf, bakanlığa bağlı, normal ilkokullar ve ilköğretim okulları bünyesinde, öğrenme güçlüğü olan veya eğitilebilir ve öğretilebilir düzeydeki, zihinsel özürlü çocuklar için açılacak sınıfları,

"uzman personel", fiilen sınıfa girmeyen, eğitim-öğretim ve sağlık alanında en az dört yıllık yüksek öğrenim görmüş alan bilgisine sahip personeli,

"kaynaştırma", zihinsel özürlü çocukların normal okullarda akranları ile birlikte eğitim ve öğretime devam ettiği programı, ifade eder.

ikinci bölüm : öğretilebilir çocuklar okulu

okulun amaçları

madde 5 - okulun amaçları, türk milli eğitiminin genel amaçları ve temel ilkelerine uygun olarak öğrencilerin;

a) eğitim-öğretim haklarından yararlanmalarını,

b) türkçe'yi, özürleri oranında doğru kullanabilmelerini,

c) fizik güçlerini geliştirebilmelerine, bağımsız hareket edebilmelerine ve zihinsel kapasiteleri ile davranışları arasında uyum sağlayabilmelerine yardımcı olmak amacıyla gerekli rehabilitasyonu,

d) sosyal hayata uyumlarını,

e) kapasiteleri oranında öz bakım ve iş becerileri kazanmalarını, sağlamaktır.

okula alınacak öğrencilerde aranan şartlar

madde 6 - okula alınacak öğrencilerin aşağıdaki şartları taşımaları gerekir:

a) öğretilebilir zeka düzeyinde "25-44 z.b." olmak,

b) zihin yetersizliği yanında, kör, sağır ve bağımlılık derecesinde ortopedik özürlü olmamak,

c) müracaat tarihinde 6 yaşını doldurmuş, 14 yaşından gün almamış olmak,

d) tuvalet alışkanlığını kazanmış olmak,

e) okula kayıt sırası gelmiş olmak, (okul personelinin çocukları için bu şart aranmaz).

okula kayıt olacaklardan istenecek belgeler

madde 7 - okula alınacak öğrencilerin belgeleri, il eğitim kurulu karan alınmak ve sıra kaydı tutulmak üzere, il rehberlik ve araştırma merkezi başkanlığına verilir. bu belgeler şunlardır:

a) müracaat fişi ve kayıt bildiriği, (örnek: 1)

b) rehberlik ve araştırma merkezi müdürlüğünden alınacak inceleme raporu ve çocuk tanıma fişi,

c) sağlık raporu, (zihin yetersizliği bulaşıcı ve sürekli tedavi gerektiren bir hastalığın olup olmadığını gösteren sağlık kurulu raporu)

d) nüfus cüzdanı örneği,

e) 4 adet vegibalık fotoğraf,

f) 4 adet zarf ve iadeli taahhüdü posta pulu,

g) dosya zarfı.

geçici kayıt süresi

madde 8 - il rehberlik ve araştırma merkezi başkanlığınca "sıralama defteri" tutulur. sıralama defterine, her öğrenci için bir aday kayıt numarası verilir. aynı zamanda, öğrencilerin aday kayıt numaraları, belgeleriyle birlikte okul müdürlüklerine gönderilir.

madde 9 - kayıtlar, eğitim-öğretim yılının başlamasından bir ay önce başlar ve bir buçuk ay sürer.

madde 10 - sırası gelen öğrencilerden, yaş sınırını geçmeyenlerin velilerine, kayıt yaptırmaları için, okul müdürlüğünce çağrı yapılır. çağrı yapıldığı tarihten itibaren, en geç bir ay içinde okul müdürlüğüne mazeretsiz olarak başvurmayanlar, o yılki sıra hakkını kaybederler. mazeretlerini belgelendirenler bu hükmün dışındadır. sırasını kaybedenlerin yerine, sıradaki diğer çocuklar çağrılır.

nakil işleri

madde 11 - öğretilebilir çocuklar okulları arasında nakil yapılabilir. bir okuldan diğer bir okula öğrenci nakli, önceki okula en az üç ay devam etmesi kaydıyla yapılır. öğrenci dosyası, eski okuldan istenir.

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