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joy division were approached by rca records to record a cover of nolan "n.f." porter's "keep on keepin' on" and was afforded recording time at a professional manchester studio in return. joy division spent late march and april 1978 writing and rehearsing material.[21] during the stiff/chiswick challenge concert at manchester's rafters club on 14 april, the group caught the attention of tony wilson and rob gretton. curtis berated wilson for not putting the group on his defunct granada television show so it goes; wilson responded that joy division would be the next band he would showcase on tv.[22] gretton, the venue's resident dj, was so impressed by the band's performance that he convinced them to take him on as their manager.[3] joy division spent the first week of may 1978 recording at manchester's arrow studios. the band were unhappy with the grapevine records head john anderson's insistence on adding synthesizer into the mix to soften the sound, and asked to be dropped from the contract that they had recently signed with rca.[23][24]
joy division made their recorded debut on 3 june 1978 when the band self-released their debut ep, an ideal for living, and two weeks later a track of theirs, "at a later date", was featured on the compilation album short circuit: live at the electric circus (which had been recorded live on 2 october 1977).[25][26][27] in the melody maker review of the ep, chris brazier said that it "has the familiar rough-hewn nature of home-produced records but they're no mere drone-vendors—there are a lot of good ideas here, and they could be a very interesting band by now, seven months on".[28] the packaging—which featured a drawing of a hitler youth member on the cover—coupled with the nature of the band's name, fueled speculation about their political affiliations.[29] while hook and sumner later admitted to being intrigued by fascism at the time, morris insisted that the group's obsession with nazi imagery came from a desire to keep memories of the sacrifices of their parents and grandparents during world war ii alive. he argued that accusations of neo-nazi sympathies merely provoked the band "to keep on doing it, because that's the kind of people we are".[18]
in september 1978, joy division made their television performance debut on the local news show granada reports, hosted by tony wilson.[30] later in the month, joy division contributed two tracks recorded with producer martin hannett to the compilation double-7" ep a factory sample, the first release by tony wilson's record label, factory records. joy division soon joined factory's roster, after buying themselves out of the deal with rca.[31][32] rob gretton was made a partner in the label to represent the interests of the band.[33] on 27 december, ian curtis suffered his first recognisable epileptic episode. during the ride home after a show at the hope & anchor in london, curtis had a seizure and was taken to a hospital.[34] in spite of his illness, joy division's career continued to progress. curtis appeared on the front cover of the 13 january 1979 issue of the nme due to the persistence of music journalist paul morley; that same month the band recorded their first radio session for bbc radio 1 dj john peel. according to deborah curtis, "sandwiched in between these two important landmarks was the realization that ian's illness was something we would have to learn to accommodate."

formation
on 20 july 1976, sumner and hook (who had been friends since the age of eleven) separately attended the second sex pistols show at the manchester lesser free trade hall. the following day hook borrowed £35 from his mother to buy his first bass guitar.[3] sumner later said that he felt that the pistols "destroyed the myth of being a pop star, of a musician being some kind of god that you had to worship".[4] inspired by the performance, sumner and hook formed a band with their friend terry mason, who had also attended the show. sumner bought a guitar, and mason a drum kit. they invited schoolfriend martin gresty to join as vocalist, but he turned them down after getting a job at a local factory.[5] an advertisement was placed in the virgin records store in manchester for a vocalist. ian curtis, who knew the three from meeting at earlier gigs, responded and was hired without audition.[4] according to sumner, "i knew he was all right to get on with and that's what we based the whole group on. if we liked someone, they were in."[6]
buzzcocks manager richard boon suggested the band call themselves the stiff kittens, and they were billed under this name for their first public performance, but the band instead chose the name warsaw shortly before the gig, in reference to the song "warszawa" by david bowie.[7][8] warsaw played their first gig on 29 may 1977, supporting the buzzcocks, penetration, and john cooper clarke at the electric circus.[9] tony tabac played drums that night after joining the band two days earlier.[8][10] mason was soon made the band's manager and tabac was replaced on drums in june 1977 by steve brotherdale, who also played in the punk band panik.[11] during his tenure with warsaw, brotherdale tried to get curtis to leave the band and join panik and even got curtis to audition for the band.[12][13] in july 1977, warsaw recorded a set of five demo tracks at pennine sound studios, oldham.[14][15] uneasy with brotherdale's aggressive personality, the band fired him soon after the demo sessions. driving home from the studio, they pulled over and asked brotherdale to check on a flat tyre; when he got out of the car, they sped off.[16]
in august 1977, the band placed an advertisement in a music shop window seeking a replacement drummer. stephen morris, who had attended the same school as curtis, was the sole respondent. deborah curtis, ian's wife, stated that morris "fitted perfectly" with the other men, and that with his addition warsaw became a "complete 'family'".[17] in order to avoid confusion with the london punk band warsaw pakt, the band renamed themselves joy division in early 1978, borrowing their new name from the prostitution wing of a nazi concentration camp mentioned in the 1955 novel the house of dolls.[13][18] the group recorded another demo at pennine studios in december, and played their first gig as joy division on 25 january 1978 at pip's disco in manchester.[19][20]

joy division were an english rock band formed in 1976 in salford, greater manchester. originally named warsaw, the band primarily consisted of ian curtis (vocals and occasional guitar), bernard sumner (guitar and keyboards),[1] peter hook (bass guitar and backing vocals) and stephen morris (drums and percussion).
joy division rapidly evolved from their initial punk rock influences, to develop a sound and style that pioneered the post-punk movement of the late 1970s. according to music critic jon savage, the band "were not punk but were directly inspired by its energy".[2] their self-released 1978 debut ep, an ideal for living, caught the attention of the manchester television personality tony wilson. joy division's debut album, unknown pleasures, was released in 1979 on wilson's independent record label factory records, and drew critical acclaim from the british press. despite the band's growing success, vocalist ian curtis was beset with depression and personal difficulties, including a dissolving marriage and his diagnosis with epilepsy. curtis found it increasingly difficult to perform at live concerts, and often had seizures during performances.
on the eve of the band's first american tour in may 1980, curtis, overwhelmed with depression, committed suicide. joy division's posthumously released second album, closer (1980), and the single "love will tear us apart" became the band's highest charting releases. after the death of curtis, the remaining members reformed as new order, achieving critical and commercial success.
formation
on 20 july 1976, sumner and hook (who had been friends since the age of eleven) separately attended the second sex pistols show at the manchester lesser free trade hall. the following day hook borrowed £35 from his mother to buy his first bass guitar.[3] sumner later said that he felt that the pistols "destroyed the myth of being a pop star, of a musician being some kind of god that you had to worship".[4] inspired by the performance, sumner and hook formed a band with their friend terry mason, who had also attended the show. sumner bought a guitar, and mason a drum kit. they invited schoolfriend martin gresty to join as vocalist, but he turned them down after getting a job at a local factory.[5] an advertisement was placed in the virgin records store in manchester for a vocalist. ian curtis, who knew the three from meeting at earlier gigs, responded and was hired without audition.[4] according to sumner, "i knew he was all right to get on with and that's what we based the whole group on. if we liked someone, they were in."[6]

discography

main article: joy division discography
unknown pleasures (1979)
closer (1980)
[edit]references

curtis, deborah. touching from a distance: ian curtis and joy division. london: faber, 1995 (2nd ed. 2001, 3rd ed. 2005). isbn 0-571-17445-0
gimarc, george. punk diary: the ultimate trainspotter's guide to underground rock 1970-1982. backbeat books, 2005. isbn 0-87930-848-6
ogg, alex. no more heroes: a complete history of uk punk from 1976 to 1980. cherry red books, 2006. 978-1-901447-65-1isbn
ott, chris. unknown pleasures. (33⅓ series) new york: continuum, 2004. isbn 0-8264-1549-0
reynolds, simon. rip it up and start again: postpunk 1978–1984. penguin, 2005. isbn 0-14-303672-6
savage, jon. "joy division: someone take these dreams away". mojo. july 1994.
[edit]notes

^ sumner was also credited as "bernard dicken", "bernard albrecht" and "bernard albrecht-dicken" on joy division releases
^ savage, jon. "foreword". touching from a distance: ian curtis and joy division. london: faber, 1995 (2nd ed. 2001, 3rd ed. 2005). isbn 0-571-17445-0
^ a b barrett, christopher (25 august 2007). "joy division". musicweek.com. retrieved 6 august 2009.
^ a b c d e f g h i savage, jon. "joy division: someone take these dreams away". mojo. july 1994.
^ ogg, p. 571
^ curtis, deborah. touching from a distance: ian curtis and joy division. london: faber, 1995 (2nd ed. 2001, 3rd ed. 2005). isbn 0-571-17445-0, p. 42
^ curtis, pp. 43–44
^ a b gimarc, p. 68
^ gimarc, p.68
^ curtis, p. 44
^ gimarc, p. 73
^ curtis, p. 48
^ a b ogg, p. 572
^ ott, p. 9
^ gimarc, p. 77
^ curtis, p. 49
^ curtis, p. 50
^ a b reynolds, p. 111
^ curtis, p. 55
^ gimarc, p. 108, 115
^ ott, p. 33
^ curtis, p. 61
^ ott, p. 42
^ gimarc, p. 135
^ gimarc, p. 141
^ gimarc, p.143
^ curtis, pp. 51–52, 140
^ brazier, chris. an ideal for living review. melody maker. 24 june 1978.
^ curtis, p. 54
^ curtis, p. 202
^ factory records did not have record contracts, so joy division (and, later, new order) were never officially signed to the label.
^ gimarc, p. 158
^ a b c shadowplayers [dvd]. ltm, 2006
^ curtis, p. 69
^ curtis, p. 71
^ wilkinson, roy. "ode to joy". mojo classic: morrissey and the story of manchester. 2006.
^ savage, jon. unknown pleasures review. melody maker. 21 july 1979.
^ a b reynolds, p. 115
^ curtis, p. 107
^ a b raftery, brian. "he's lost control". spin. may 2005.
^ gimarc, p. 307
^ curtis, p. 113
^ curtis, p. 114
^ gimarc, p. 322
^ a b morley, paul; thrills, adrian. "don't walk away in silence". nme. 14 june 1980.
^ reynolds, p. 117
^ curtis, pp. 131–132
^ curtis, p. 132
^ reynolds, p. 118
^ savage, jon. "from safety to where?" melody maker. 14 june 1980.
^ curtis, p. 138
^ murrary, charles shaar. "closer to the edge" [closer review]. nme. 19 july 1980.
^ ott, p. 112
^ raggett, ned. "substance (review)". allmusic.com. retrieved 22 december 2007.
^ a b reynolds, p. 110
^ a b reynolds, p. 112
^ a b c lester, paul (31 august 2007). "'it felt like someone had ripped out my heart'". guardian.co.uk. retrieved 18 october 2007.
^ a b curtis, p. 75
^ reynolds, p. 116
^ reynolds, p. 113
^ curtis, p. 74
^ a b rambali, paul. "take no prisoners, leave no clues". nme. 11 august 1979.
^ curtis, p. 139
^ morley, paul. "simply the first division". nme. 16 february 1980.
^ lester, paul. "torn apart: the legend of joy division." record collector. november 2007.
^ bush, john. "joy division — biography". allmusic.com. retrieved 22 december 2007.
^ reynolds, p. 352
^ reynolds, p. 353
^ reynolds, simon (7 october 2007). "music to brood by, desolate and stark". nytimes.com. retrieved 16 december 2007.
^ neworderstory [dvd]. warner bros., 2005.
^ mccormick, neil (ed). u2 by u2. harpercollins publishers, 2006. isbn 0-00-719668-7, p. 92
^ moss, corey (24 june 2002). "moby gets cloned, romps with dirty degenerates". mtv.com. retrieved 22 december 2007.
^ dalley, helen. "john frusciante". total guitar. august 2002.
^ "more names join uk music hall of fame". nme.com. 18 october 2005. retrieved 18 october 2007.
^ "it was the best party... ever". guardian.co.uk. 3 march 2002. retrieved 22 december 2007.
^ corbijn, anton; wise, damon. "joy division". mojo. november 2007.
^ "critics applaud joy division film". bbc.co.uk. 17 may 2007. retrieved 2 november 2007.
^ murray, noel. "toronto film festival 07". the a.v. club, 11 september 2007. retrieved 11 april 2010.