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the term iran (ایران) in modern persian derives from the proto-iranian term aryānā, first attested in zoroastrianism's avesta tradition.[31] ariya- and airiia- are also attested as an ethnic designator in achaemenid inscriptions. the term ērān, from middle persian ērān (written as ʼyrʼn) is found on the inscription that accompanies the investiture relief of ardashir i at naqsh-e rustam.[32] in this inscription, the king's appellation in middle persian contains the term ērān (pahlavi ʼryʼn), while in the parthian language inscription that accompanies it, the term aryān describes iran. in ardeshir's time, ērān retained this meaning, denoting the people rather than the state. the name iran is a cognate of aryan, and means "land of the aryans