ozipcan özel röportajı incisözlükte part 2

In 1979, Janice Raymond employed the term as a derogatory descriptor for transsexual people in her controversial book, The Transsexual Empire: The Making of the She-Male.[29] Raymond and other cultural feminists like Mary Daly argue that a "she-male" or "male-to-constructed female" is still male and constitutes a patriarchal attack by males upon the female essence.[30] In some cultures it can also be used interchangeably with other terms referring to trans women.[citation needed]

The term has since become an unflattering term applied to male-to-female transsexuals.[20] Psychologists Dana Finnegan and Emily Mcnally write that the term "tends to have demeaning connotations."[31] French professor John Phillips writes that shemale is "a linguistic oxymoron that simultaneously reflects but, by its very impossibility, challenges [gender] binary thinking, collapsing the divide between the masculine and the feminine."[12] Trans author Leslie Feinberg writes, "'he-she' and 'she-male' describe the person's gender expression with the first pronoun and the birth sex with the second. The hyphenation signals a crisis of language and an apparent social contradiction, since sex and gender are 'supposed' to match."[32] The Gay and Lesbian Alliance Against Defamation has said the term is a "dehumanizing slur"[33] and should not be used "except in a direct quote that reveals the bias of the person quoted."[34]

Some have adopted the term as a self-descriptor but this is often in context of sex work.[10][20][35] Transsexual author Kate Bornstein wrote that a friend who self-identified as "she-male" described herself as "tits, big hair, lots of make-up, and a dick."[36] Sex researchers Mildred Brown and Chloe Rounsley said, "She-males are men, often involved in prostitution, ferregraphy, or the adult entertainment business, who have undergone breast augmentation but have maintained their genitalia."[37] According to Professors Laura Castañeda and Shannon Campbell at the University of Southern California's Annenberg School of Journalism, "Using the term she-male for a transsexual woman would be considered highly offensive, for it implies that she is working 'in the [sex] trade.' It may be considered libelous."[38] Melissa Hope Ditmore, of the Trafficked Persons Rights Project, notes the term "is an invention of the sex industry, and most transwomen find the term abhorrent."[39] Biologist Julia Serano notes that it remains "derogatory or sensationalistic."[40] According to sex columnist Regina Lynn, "Porn marketers use 'she-male' for a very specific purpose — to sell porn to straight guys without triggering their homophobia — that has nothing to do with actual transgendered people (or helping men overcome their homophobia, either)."[41] According to sex columnist Sasha, "The term shemale is used in this setting to denote a fetishized sexual persona and is not typically used by transgendered women outside of sex work. Many transgendered women are offended by this categorization and call themselves T-girls or trans."[42]