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an analytical method based on the cloud point extraction combined with high performance liquid
chromatography is used for the extraction, separation and determination of four explosives;
octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazine (hmx), hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (rdx),
2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (tnt) and pentaerythritol tetranitrate (petn). these compounds are extracted by
using of triton x-114 and cetyl-trimethyl ammonium bromide (ctab). after extraction, the samples
were analyzed using a hplc-uv system. the parameters affecting extraction efficiency (such as triton
x-114 and ctab concentrations, amount of na2so4, temperature, incubation and centrifuge times) were
evaluated and optimized. under the optimum conditions, the preconcentration factor was 40 and the
improvement factors of 34, 29, 61 and 42 with detection limits of 0.09, 0.14, 0.08 and 0.40 (gl−1) were
obtained for hmx, rdx, tnt and petn, respectively. the proposed method was successfully applied to
the determination of these compounds in water samples and showed recovery percentages of 97–102%
with rsd values of 2.13–4.92%.